德国柏林自由大学本科课程介绍

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本文标题：德国柏林自由大学本科课程介绍，如今留学的人越来越多，不论高中生、大学生还是读研的学生，都想早日去留学接受好的教育，很多同学对德国柏林自由大学本科课程介绍,德国留学中介,德国留学条件的相关问题有所疑问，下面澳际小编整理了《德国柏林自由大学本科课程介绍》，欢迎阅读，如有疑问欢迎联系我们的在线老师，进行一对一答疑。

　　柏林自由大学是德国一所著名的大学，在今年的QS权威世界大学排名中排在第123位。和德国的哲学一样，柏林自由大学秉承严肃的学风。以下是澳际为大家整理并翻译的柏林自由大学课程介绍介绍，主要是本科阶段课程结构的介绍，希望对有意留学德国的学生有帮助。

　　一、What are bachelor’s degree programs?

　　The bachelor’s degree is the standard degree awarded by German and european higher education institutions. With a bachelor’s degree, you can apply for admission to a suitable master’s degree program practically anywhere in the world.

　　什么是学士学位项目

　　学士学位是德国和欧洲高等教育机构授予的标准学位。持有学士学位，可以申请世界各地的硕士学习项目入学。

　　Bachelor’s degree programs in the sciences, economics, computer science, mathematics, and psychology at Freie Universität Berlin lead to the degree of Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.), while all other bachelor’s degree programs culminate in the degree of Bachelor of Arts (B.A.). The term “science” applies primarily to the sciences, while “arts,” as in the Magister Artium degree, follows the tradition of the “liberal arts” handed down from the Middle Ages. Today, this category typically includes all of the humanities and the social sciences.

　　在柏林自由大学，科学、经济学、计算机科学、数学和物理学学士学位项目构成理科学士学位;其他的学士学位项目则构成文科学士学位。“science”这个术语适用于科学学科，而“arts”一词适用于中世纪传统中的“人文学科”。如今，arts基本囊括了所有人文学科和社会科学学科。

　　Combination bachelor’s degree programs

　　The structure of a bachelor’s or master’s degree program varies according to subject (or subject combination) and by institution. About half of the bachelor’s degree programs offered at Freie Universität are combination bachelor’s degree programs, which comprise a core subject (typically 90 credits) and one or two separate modules (one 60-credit module or two 30-credit modules). The only exception is Judaistik with 120-LP + 30-LP. Students can choose their modules from a broad range of subjects unless a specific combination is required. Candidates are admitted separately to the core subject and module or modules (for modules: 80% depending on the quality of the average grade, 20% according to wait time), but students can only enroll for all of the components of the program together at the same time.

　　组合学士学位项目

　　学士或硕士学位项目的结构因学科(学科组合)和机构而异。在柏林自由大学，大约一半的学士学位项目属于组合学士学位项目，包括一门核心科目(一般占90个学分)和一到二个独立模块(一个60学分模块或两个30学分模块)。唯一的例外的犹太研究(120-LP + 30-LP)。除非有特定组合要求，学生可以从诸多学科中选择模块。候选人分次入选核心科目和模块(对于模块的申请，80%取决于平均成绩的高低，20%取决于等待时间)，但可以同时注册核心科目和模块。

　　“Mono” (single-subject) bachelor’s degree programs

　　The other half of the bachelor’s degree programs offered at Freie Universität are “mono,” or single-subject, bachelor’s degree programs. In addition to the core subject applied for, students also study related areas or related modules, which, unlike the separate modules included in the combination bachelor’s degree programs, do not require additional admission. Students also take 30 credits of general professional skills courses in every combination and mono bachelor’s degree program; no application or request is required for this area.

　　单一科目学士学位项目

　　柏林自由大学另一半的学士学位项目是单一科目学士学位项目。除了学习所申请的核心科目，学生也学习相关领域或相关模块。但不同于组合学士学位项目中的独立孤立模块。这些相关模块不要求另外入学。组合学位项目和单一学位项目的学生都要学习30个学分的一般专业技能课程，一般专业技能课程不需申请，也没有特别的要求。

　　二、Academic program structure

　　Bachelor’s degree programs at Freie Universität typically last six semesters (exceptions: Italian Studies, French Studies, both of which last seven semesters and Japan Studies, Korean Studies wich last eight semesters). Almost all programs begin in the winter semester only.

　　学术项目结构

　　柏林自由大学的学士学位项目通常有六个学期：意大利研究和法国研究例外，它们都持续七个学期;日本研究和韩国研究也例外，有八个学期。几乎所有项目只在冬季学期开课。

　　All academic courses are combined into modules, which are generally completed when a student takes a graded module exam (which may consist of several sections). There is no single large final examination; instead, the module exams are automatically considered part of the bachelor’s degree examination (Bachelor-Prüfung), and all module exam grades are counted toward the overall grade on the bachelor’s degree exam. As a result, most courses in the bachelor’s degree programs are required courses that demand regular, active participation.

　　所有专业课程由两个模块组成，学生参加分级模块考试(由七个部分组成)之后就算完成。没有单一的期末考试;相反，模块考试自动算作学士学位考试的一部分，并且所有模块考试成绩会计入学士学位考试的总成绩中。这样一来，大部分学士学位项目课程都是必修课，要求学生定期积极参与。

　　Credits are awarded for the efforts a student has invested toward a module after the exam in that module is passed: One credit under the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) is equivalent to 30 hours of work on that subject by the student (class attendance, self-study, preparing for module exams, time spent taking exams, required professional internships, etc.).

　　模块考试结束之后，根据学生在模块中投入的努力给予学分。欧洲学分转换系统下的一个学分相当于学生在相关科目上的30个学时。包括出勤、自学、模块考试准备、考试用时、必修专业实习等。

　　A six-semester program always comprises 180 credits, which means students should plan on earning an average of 30 credits each semester. In this system, the amount of time a student needs is 30 x 30 = 900 hours over six months (no teaching activity, or vorlesungsfreie Zeit, is not the same as a semester break (Semesterferien), but instead is time set aside for exams, block courses, internships, etc.).

　　六个学期的项目占180个学分，也就是说学生平均每个学期应该计划拿30个学分。在这一体制中，学生在半年里总共花的时间是900个小时。(没有教学活动不等于放假，相反，这段时间用于考试、短期课程和实习。)

　　The sequence of classes (Studienverlaufsplan) is shown in the appendix to the study regulations for each discipline. This chart shows which modules should be completed during which semesters (many course sequences start only in the winter semester and are taken over two consecutive semesters).

　　课程顺序附于每门学科的学习规章中。附录对哪个学期要上哪个模块有说明(大部分课程只在冬季学期开课，并且连上两个学期)。

　　In the core subject, the student writes a bachelor’s degree thesis, which is typically about 25 pages long and must be prepared within eight weeks; sometimes there is also a thirty-minute oral examination on the content of the student’s paper.

　　在核心科目中，学生需要写学士学位论文。论文长度一般为25页，必须在八周之内准备好;有时会有关于学生论文内容的30分钟口语考试。

　　三、Separate modules, modules, related areas – what’s the difference?

　　Not all bachelor’s degree programs involve separate modules like in the combination type, but every program does involve modules of some kind.

　　独立模块、模块和相关领域有什么区别

　　不是所有学士学位项目都想组合学位项目那样有独立模块，但每个项目都涉及一定形式的模块。

　　Bachelor’s degree programs follow a modular structure, which means that the individual courses are bundled together into modules, each of which is completed with a module exam.

　　学士学位项目采用模块结构，也就是说，单门课程结合在一起组成模块，单门课程通过模块考试完成。

　　Separate modules, called Modulangebote, are components of the combination bachelor’s degree program. The core subject is combined with either one 60-credit module or two 30-credit modules.

　　独立模块也叫Modulangebote，是组合学士学位项目的组成要素。核心科目与占60学分的单个模块或占30学分的两个模块结合。

　　Related areas or related modules (affine Bereiche, affine Module) can be components of a “mono,” or single-subject, bachelor’s degree program. The content studied in these areas should generally have some relation to the core subject and should supplement the subject-specific profile of the program in which the student is enrolled. If the study regulations allot 30 credits to related modules, the student may also be able to select a 30-credit separate module (Modulangebot); in this case, however, there must be space left for mono bachelor’s students who wish to enroll in the module after all combination bachelor’s students have been admitted. Mono bachelor’s students are also required to have met any necessary prerequisites (such as prior language skills).

　　相关领域或相关模块可以是单一科目学士学位项目的构成要素。相关模块的学习内容一般与核心科目有关，并作为学生注册的特定学科项目的补充。如果学习规章规定相关模块占30个学分，学生还可以选修一个占30学分的独立模块。不过，在这种情况下，需要在所有组合学士学生入学之后，为有意注册独立模块的单一学士学生留有名额。单一学士学生同时还需要满足任何要求的前提条件，比如先前语言技能。

　　Students apply to the appropriate department administration for admission to related modules; this should take place in coordination with the academic advising service for the core subject. Students are not generally permitted to attend individual courses without a written notice from the department regarding admission to the module.

　　学生需要向相关系级管理申请，才能入学相关模块;这应该和核心科目的专业指导服务同步。持有模块入学管理部门开具的书面通知，才能上单门课程。

　　四、General professional skills studies

　　All bachelor’s degree programs at Freie Universität include a mandatory 30 credits of general professional skills studies, which are available in two different types:

　　1.General professional skills courses (Allgemeine Berufsvorbereitung, abbreviated ABV) and

　　2.Teaching-related professional courses (Lehramtsbezogene Berufswissenschaft, abbreviated LBW).

　　Both types are subject to their own study and examination regulations.

　　一般专业技能学习

　　柏林自由大学的所有学士学位项目都包含占30个必修学分的一般专业技能学习。一般专业技能学习分为两个不同的类型：

　　1.一般专业技能课程

　　2.教学相关专业课程。

　　两种类型各有自己的学习和考试制度。

　　Students who are enrolled in bachelor’s degree programs in combinations that permit them to keep the option of becomming a teacher and wish to do so are required to take teaching-related professional courses (LBW courses). In all other cases, students enroll in general professional skills courses (ABV courses).

　　注册组合学士学位项目且有意当教师的学生，需要上教学相关专业课程。所有其它情况的学生，上一般专业技能课程。

　　Please note: Students are not eligible for the option to become a teacher if they take ABV courses rather than LBW courses in a combination of subjects that would be relevant for a teaching option. It is possible to switch from LBW to ABV courses by arrangement with the board of examiners for the core subject, since LBW modules are eligible for ABV credit. By contrast, it is not possible to switch from ABV to LBW, since the general professional skills profile of the teaching-related modules has no equivalent among the ABV courses.

　　请注意：在与教学相关的组合学科中选一般专业技能课程而不选教学相关专业课程的学生，没有资格选择教师选择。由于教学相关专业课程模块学分可以转为一般专业技能课程学分，学生可以和核心科目考试团协商，从教学相关专业课程转入一般专业课程。相反，不可以从一般专业课程转入教学相关专业课程，因为一般专业技能教学相关模块在教学相关专业课程中没有同等课程。

　　Since students do not enroll separately for ABV and LBW courses, students must be careful to choose the right area and register on time for the appropriate modules.

　　由于教学相关专业课程和一般专业课程不需要分别注册，学生必须谨慎选择，以便选到正确的领域，及时注册适当的模块。

　　General professional skills (ABV) courses

　　General professional skills (Allgemeine Berufsvorbereitung, abbreviated ABV) courses include a mandatory professional internship and modules that can be chosen from the following skill areas or, if permitted under the study regulations, from additional qualifications related to the subject.

　　一般专业技能课程

　　一般专业技能课程包括必修专业实习和可以从以下技能领域选择的模块(如果学习规章允许，可以从学科相关其他证书中选)：

　　ABV skill areas:

　　Foreign languages

　　Information and media skills

　　Gender and diversity awareness

　　Organizational and management skills

　　Communications skills

　　Subject-related additional qualifications

　　Professional internship

　　一般专业技能课程技能领域包括：外国语言，信息和媒体技术，性别和多元意识，组织管理技能，沟通技能，学科相关其他证书，专业实习。

　　Teaching-related professional (LBW) courses

　　LBW courses introduce students to the fundamental issues of education, teaching, and schooling. Students enrolled in these courses should explore the school setting as a future career field and learn to reflect on their practical experiences with the guidance of theory. Students also learn the basics of how to teach and learn the specific content of the subject-specific academic modules.

　　教学相关专业课程

　　教学相关专业课程向学生介绍教育、教学和学校教育中的基本问题。作为未来职业方向，注册这些课程的学生需要探索学校设置，学会在理论的指导下反思自己的实践经验。此外，学生需要学习基本的教学法，学习特定科目专业模块的特定内容。

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