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英文中常见的介词搭配错误

刚刚更新 澳际教育 编辑: 浏览次数:3527 移动端

介词在英语语言中的作用很多:

• 表位置:where something is (prepositions of place)

e.g. on the table, at the bus stop, against the wall;

•表运动方向:the movement of something (prepositions of movement)

e.g. towards Madrid, over the bridge;

• 表时间:when something happens (prepositions of time)

e.g. at half past eight, on Christmas Day;

• 表逻辑关系:relationships between things, such as cause and effect

e.g. because of, result from

介词常见错误:介词这一类短小而有用的词因为在汉语中没有对应的词类,所以总是学习无法。这里讨论五个在写作中最常出错的介词,而它们出错的原因也大致相同,误把介词用作动词。

【以下所有加星号*例句都是错误范例】

1. Through

* The cat through the cat flap and disappeared behind the door. 猫穿过猫洞消失在门后。

常见错误是误用做动词“通过,穿过”,正确用法是搭配相应动词:

go/ filter/ pass/ run/ walk/ get/ see/ read through

2. With/ Without

*Students without difficulties to get a high-paid job if they study scientific majors.

常见错误是误用做动词“有”和“没有”,被偷换来同意替换“don't have”,正确用法是构成 with/ without+n./doing结构,做定语或者状语。

eg:Students could get a high-paid job without difficulties. 作状语

Students with a dgree of science could get a high-paid job. 作定语

3. Beyond

*The exercise beyond the abilities of most of the class. 练习超出了学生的能力。常见错误是误用做“超出”,正确用法是

1). “超出”:搭配be等系动词动词或其他实义动词:go beyond常见固定搭配:go/be beyond sb—— to be impossible for sb to imagine, understand or do 使某人无法想象(或理解、做等)

eg:What seems beyond dispute is that……

2). “除……以外”

eg:She's got nothing beyond her state pension. 除了政府发的养老金外,她什么都没有。

4. Against

* I against the point that……

常见错误是误用做“反对”,正确用法是搭配be等系动词动词或其他实义动词以及它们的名词形式:

fight/ argue/ vote/ rebel/campaign/ appeal against(V+against)

argument/ campaign/ protest against (N+against)

eg:The evidence is against him. 证据对他不利。Are we insured against theft? 我们保了盗窃险没有?

5. Under

*Their eggs under the reeds which protect them from being found.

常见错误是误用做“位于…下方”,正确用法是搭配be等系动词动词或用在固定搭配中:

under an agreement, under condition, under dispute, under law

eg: The hotel is still under construction. 旅馆还在兴建中。


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